Tag Archives: Solar Year

Chol Q'ij - The Energies of the Days

12 No’j 0 Nabe Mam – The Seating of the New Mam 12 No’j

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The seating of the new Mam 12 No’j is a significant moment in the Maya solar calendar. It marks the end of the Tz’apin Q’ij, or closing days, and the end of the period of retreat. It signals a time to leave our “caves” and re-enter the real world. In some communities, this occasion is celebrated with feasting and drinking. The new Mam, who will guide us through the next revolution of the sun, is welcomed into the world.

This year is governed by the Mam 12 No’j, which carries the energy of the day as well as the energy of the new year. The properties and benefits brought by the Nawal 12 No’j are discussed in my post for the day of 12 No’j, here. The energy of this day represents the energy that we will experience throughout the year. It is a year that is likely to be focused on thought, knowledge, and how to consolidate what we already know. This could be a great year to write a book!

The new Mam may take some time to settle in, usually over the first 20 days. Even though the “administration” has changed, it takes time for all the promises made during the campaign to be fulfilled. Nothing in nature moves in a square wave; it’s always a gentle transition, more like a sine wave. This is the first light of dawn, and we are still experiencing a little of the cold of the night. It will not be until midday, the height of the cycle. We will then experience the fullest expression of the energy of this year lord. We can expect this to occur in around 140 days, on 2 No’j (June 18, 2024).

No’j Years

The last time we experienced a No’j year was 2020, which was the year 8 No’j. That year could have been seen as drawing on our knowledge of both the dark and the light to solve problems. It lasted from 20th February 2020 through to 18th February 2021. I think it would be said by many that was a year we will never forget. We faced something we had not faced in living history. As a result we drew on the wholeness of our knowledge to find solutions. This came at all levels as we reworked our daily lives.

Today we welcome Mam No’j in again and we understand we will need to find solutions. This year calls us to review all we have learned. We have already been given all the answers, it is just up to us now to put them into practice. Draw deeply on what you have learned and apply your knowledge.

As the philosopher George Santayana “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” (The Life of Reason, 1905) It is therefore up to us to record our now, our information, our thoughts and our knowledge. This act of consolidation our knowledge gives us the opportunity to pass it on to future generations.

The cycle of the year bearers repeats every 52 years. Although we don’t relive the same experiences, we may notice similarities with the last time this Mam was in office. Mam 12 No’j took office on March 3, 1972. This gives us a chance to learn from the past and avoid repeating past mistakes. If you are interested in major events that occurred in 1972, please click here.

The Seating of the New Mam 12 No'j

Chol Q'ij - The Energies of the Days

10 Kej 0 Nabe Mam – The Seating of the New Mam

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The Seating of the New Mam is the moment that the Wayeb has ended, when the period of retreat has finished and we can emerge from our “cave” back into the real world. In some communities, this would be celebrated with feasting and drinking, welcoming in the new grandfather who will guide us through the next revolution of the sun.

This year is governed by the Mam 10 Kej. In addition to 10 Kej carrying the energy of the day, it is also carrying the energy of this new year. The properties and benefits brought by the nawal 10 Kej are discussed in my post for the day of 10 Kej here. The energy of this day is a representative of the energy which we will be living with for the whole year. The general feeling of this year should be about reconnection with natural world and our community.

The new Mam may take a little while to settle in. This is usually the first 20 days. Whilst it is obvious that the “administration” has changed, it takes a little time for all the promises made in the campaign to be adhered to. Nothing in nature moves in a square wave, it is always a gentle transition more akin to a sine wave. This is the first light of dawn, the day is just beginning, but we are still experiencing a little of the cold of the night. It will not be until midday, the height of the cycle that we will experience the fullest expression of the energy of this year lord. We can expect that in around 140 days or so, 13 Kej (19th June 2022).

The last time we experienced a Kej year was 2018, which was the year 6 Kej. That time around, other powerful influences meant a very strong year for many people. Kej years are known to be powerful, sometimes headstrong, as the deer or the horse show their strength and leadership. Kej is also associated with spiritual leadership and sometimes Kej will push us into situations where we have to take on that role. In order to do so, we ourselves need to be strong and connected with nature and Kej will make sure this happens. It is a year about connecting with the wilderness, the natural world. The number 10 brings about our connection with our community, the bringing together of hands, of agreements and that which binds society together. We may find that in this year it is the time for the spiritual leader to emerge from each one of us, in order to weave a better society, to be there for those around us. It will also be an important year to create agreements with the natural world.

On a grander scheme of things, the cycle of the year bearers repeats every 52 years. Of course, we do not relive exactly the same experiences, but we may see similarities with the last time this year bearer was in office. That was the year 1970, when Mam 10 Kej would have taken his seat on the Gregorian day 4th March. This gives us the opportunity to understand how to engage with the benefits of, and avoid the errors committed during, the previous incarnation of the Mam 10 Kej.  For some ideas on major events of 1970 (and there were some very interesting ones for the 10 Kej year – the first “Earth day” and the beginning of the operation of the EPA to name just two), please click here.

Maya Calendar Information

The Chol Q’ij and the Macewal Q’ij

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As the Mayan new solar year approaches I have been thinking about the relationship between the Chol Q’ij, the 260 day Mayan sacred calendar, and the Macewal Q’ij, the 365 day Mayan solar calendar, or ordinary days. In the Macewal Q’ij, “new year” will occur on February 21st in 2016, and because of the lack of an intercalary day, February 20th from 2017 to 2020. The Macewal Q’ij consists of 18 months of 20 days, which are then followed by a period of 5 days known as Wayeb.

Each new solar year, a new year bearer (also known as Mam, grandfather, cargador or Year Lord) takes his seat. There are four year bearers in use here in Guatemala, these are Kej, E’, N’oj and Iq’. They cycle much as the days cycle; 2012 was 13 N’oj, 2013 was 1 Iq’, 2014 was 2 Kej, 2015 was 3 E’ and 2016 will be 4 N’oj. In 2017 the solar year will begin on the day 5 Iq’, so we see the same sequence of year bearers with the number increasing by 1 each time. These are the year bearers currently used by the K’iche’ people of Guatemala. Archaeologists give a slightly different count as they start their count, the Ha’ab, 40 days later. The year bearers are the same, but the number is increased by 1, making 2016 the year 5 N’oj. There is also another count which starts 13 days later, due to an extra 13 days being added in February of 2013, which changed the year bearers. This was known as the “Gran Wayeb” and while this has many logical reasons and has been adopted in some areas, I do not know many indigenous day keepers who have adopted it yet.

The Chol Q’ij consists of 260 days and is commonly seen as 20 periods of 13 days, which are sometimes referred to as trecenas. Each trecena has a different attribute depending on the days involved and their strengths. However, there is another way of counting the Chol Q’ij which co-ordinates it’s movements with that of the Macewal Q’ij; that is by counting 20 day periods. Each month of the solar year begins with a seating day, which is usually given a value of 0, and ends on a day numbered 19. Therefore, the first day of the solar year, consists of two components, and in 2016 will be 4 N’oj 0 Nab’e Mam. After 20 day have elapsed, the solar month will change and the month of Rukub Mam will start on the next N’oj day, the date 12 N’oj 0 Rukub Mam. I have compiled the dates into the table below to show the entire year.

[supsystic-tables id=’1′]

What this table shows is that the bearer of the year presides over each of the Macewal Q’ij months, moving through each of his variations. He moves through the solar year twice, once thirteen times, then the second time five times (marked with a *), then through the Wayeb. The ** on the Wayeb marks that the year bearer only takes his seat for five days, and that it is the year bearer which governed for the previous appearance of this year bearer. For example, 13 N’oj was the year bearer of the year 2012, and 1 Iq’ was the year bearer on 2013. This seems hardly a coincidence and probably relates to the “Ghost” of the previous Mam taking responsibility after the current year bearer has “died”. The Wayeb is known as a time when public ceremony should be avoided, some people do not wash or comb their hair, they may not leave the house. It is a time when the days are unsupported and misfortune may occur.

Macewal Q'ij 2

When these cycles are compared with the life cycle of the maize, possible clarity occurs. The life cycle of the maize, the sustenance and substance of the people is 260 days. If Maize was planted on 21st February, it would be harvested on 7th November, which incidentally also around when rainy season usually ends. The maize grows and ripens, then the plant dies and is doubled over so that it dries out. In this way we see the 260 days as a cycle of life. From the 7th November through to 16th February there is no rain, so new life, the new sprouting of the maize, cannot occur. This is the second period of the year bearer, the 100 days, which could be seen as a journey through the otherworld, the world of the dead. We then have the 5 days of mourning, before the new year bearer takes his seat and the cycle of life begins again.